Automatic Tyre Pressure Inflation System

Published on Sep 03, 2023

Abstract

Proper tire inflation pressure improves fuel economy, reduces braking distance, improves handling, and increases tire life, while under inflation creates overheating and can lead to accidents. Approximately 3/4 of all automobiles operate with at least one underinflated tire. The main causes of under inflation are natural leakage, temperature changes, and road hazards. Drivers typically do not check tire pressure unless they notice unusual vehicle performance. Visual checks are often insufficient to determine under inflation.

In 2000, the U.S. Transportation Recall Enhancement, Accountability, and Documentation Act (TREAD) requested that the National Highway Transport Safety Authority (NHTSA) investigate the implementation of a pressure drop warning system on vehicles. Beginning with 2006 models, all passenger cars and trucks in the United States are required to have tire-pressure monitoring systems (TPMSs). A TPMS is a driver-assist system that warns the driver when the tire pressure is below or above the Prescribed limits.

Introduction

Tires are designed and built with great care to provide thousands of miles of excellent service. But for maximum benefit they must be maintained properly.

The most important factors in tyre care are:

• Proper Inflation Pressure

• Proper Vehicle Loading

• Proper tyre Wear

• Regular Inspection

• Good Driving Habits

• Vehicle Condition

The Benefits of Proper Inflation

With the right amount of air pressure, you will achieve optimum tyre performance. This means your tires wear longer, save fuel and help prevent accidents. The "right amount" of air is the pressure specified by the vehicle manufacturer, which may be different on the front than the rear tires on your particular model car or light truck. The correct air pressure is shown on the tyre placard (or sticker) attached to the vehicle door edge, door post, glove box door or fuel door. If your vehicle doesn't have a placard, check the owner's manual or consult with the vehicle manufacturer, tyre manufacturer or your local tyre dealer for the proper inflation.

The tyre placard tells you the maximum vehicle load, the cold tyre air pressures and the tyre size recommended by the vehicle manufacturer. If you don't take proper care of your tires, the results can be serious. Most tyre companies are either supplying a handbook or are molding a safety warning right onto the tyre sidewall. A typical warning is shown on this page.

As you see, it points out that serious injury may result from tyre failure due to under inflation or overloading. Motorists are strongly advised to follow the vehicle owner's manual or the tyre placard in the vehicle for proper inflation and loading. Only specially trained persons should mount or demount tires. An explosion of a tyre and wheel assembly can result from improper or careless mounting procedures. Persons who do mount tires must have the right equipment, the right training and the right information before proceeding. Never exceed 40 psi to seat the beads. Always use a restraining device when mounting a tyre on a rim, and be sure to stay back from the tyre when inflating it. Remember, mounting and demounting tires and wheels should be left to skilled professionals who are aware of the safety hazards involved and who have the proper tools and equipment to do the job safely.

WORKING PRINCIPLE

Compressed air is given to the 2/2 solenoid valve inlet. The pressure switch is used to sense the tyre pressure. The required tyre pressure is setted by the pressure switch reading. This pressure switch is used to sense the current pressure and this output signal is given to the solenoid valve.

Automatic Tyre Pressure

Whenever the tyre pressure is below the setted valve the pressure switch activate the solenoid valve. The compressed air is goes to the tyre with the help of quick release coupling which is used to rotating the wheel freely. The required pressure is filled then the pressure switch will be deactivated the solenoid valve so that the tyre pressure will be maintained in constant level.

MERITS

There are many dangers to having under inflated tyres, because they are designed for use at their recommended pressure. Under inflation can lead to increased deformation in the tyre wall as it concentrates the load upon the tread shoulders, this reduces the amount of surface contact the tyre has with the road. This can have many consequences.

• Increased wear of the tyres treads which will lead to a higher chance of aquaplaning in the wet.

• Reduced handling characteristics and a reduced control of the vehicle.

• Longer stopping distances.

• Higher chance of the tyre delaminating, which could lead to a sudden tyre failure.